| I’ve
heard that voice stress analysis is also a very good technique for
detecting lies. How come you don’t make mention of it at all?
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There has been extensive research on voice stress analysis, or
CVSA.
From 1994 to 1996, 4 separate research studies concluded the following
accuracy levels, 37%, 39%, 52% and 50%. This was no better than chance.
In 2001, the United States Department of Defense conducted its own studies
and field applications into voice stress analysis and concluded that it
had an accuracy rate of 0%. As a result, no Department of Defense agency
or division utilizes voice stress analysis.
In 2006, the University of Florida did a research study of the
latest “layered” voice stress instrumentation.
Once again, the accuracy proved to be no better than chance.
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| I’m told that if I’m nervous, I could fail the test. Is this
true?
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This is a long standing belief that holds no truth whatsoever.
Everyone who takes a polygraph examination will be nervous, whether they
intend lying in the exam or not. The polygraph exam identifies truth and
deception, no matter the level of nervousness in the subject.
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| I’ve heard that Polygraphs are not accepted in South African
courts?
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| This is not true. Please see the section on this site called “Legal
Standing” to fully answer your question.
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| I’ve been told by some people that Polygraphs are not accurate
and by others that it is very accurate. Who is right?
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If conducted by a highly trained and qualified examiner, the
polygraph is astonishingly accurate. Please see the section on this site
called “Accuracy of the Polygraph” to answer your question in full. It
must be stressed though, that the exceptional validity and reliability
figures quoted are contingent on the fact that the examiner is a highly
trained and qualified professional. A Polygraph instrument operated by an
unqualified person gives justification to those people who say they
don’t work. It’s the same as putting an unqualified person in charge
of the controls of an aircraft. If you had never seen one fly, and were
watching this person try and fly it, you would be justified in stating
that airplanes don’t fly.
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How does the polygraph detect lies? |
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The short answer is that when we lie to something important,
changes occur in our bodies that we have no control over. The polygraph
records those changes. To briefly describe this in greater detail – one
of the two nervous systems in our body is called the Autonomic System. We
have no conscious control of this system. The Autonomic System in turn,
consists of two systems – the Sympathetic and the Parasympathetic. When
we lie, it creates physiological changes at the Sympathetic level beyond
our control. The polygraph records these Sympathetic arousal responses.
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Some people say that the polygraph can be beaten if you control your
emotions. Is this true?
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Refer to the answer above. Sympathetic response cannot be controlled.
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| Will it work on someone with no conscience – a Psychopath for
example?
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Research has shown that the Polygraph is just as accurate on
Psychopaths (and in fact even more so in many cases) as it is on
non-psychopaths. This research has been practical field results, not
theoretical academic work.
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| How does blood pressure medication, and in fact other medication,
affect the accuracy of the Polygraph?
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| It doesn’t.
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Surely you’re biased towards
whoever is paying for the exam. If it’s a company for example, I find it
hard to believe that you won’t give them the result they’re looking
for, right?
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Actually
in the vast majority of cases, all parties are simply looking for one
thing – the truth. When we conduct examinations, we are partial to
neither party and prejudiced to nothing but the truth. We take no sides
beforehand. If one party
however is looking for something different to the truth to be reported by
us, then I’m afraid they’ve come to the wrong place. If you’re still
not convinced, then please note that we belong to both the American
Polygraph Association and the Polygraph Association of South Africa and
are therefore bound to codes of ethics as well as standards &
principals of practice. Lastly, from a commercial perspective, unethical
practice is a sure way to ruin ones reputation and consequently ones
business. We will not entertain it in the slightest.
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